Joshua Chapters 1 - 4
As we begin the book of Joshua lets take a look at where we are. (LASB;411-414)
Timeline:
Exodus from Egypt 1446 BC
Israelites Enter Canaan 1406 BC
Judges began to rule 1375 BC
The days of the Judges 1375 –1050 BC
United Kingdom under Saul 1050 BC
David Becomes King 1010 BC
Now, Joshua was chosen to be Moses’ successor, having distinguished himself as a man of faith and courage (giving, with Caleb, the minority spy report recorded in Numbers 13:30-14:9). This book records Joshua’s leadership of the people of God as they finished their march and conquered the Promised Land.
Joshua was a brilliant military leader and a strong spiritual influence. But eh key to his success was his submission to God. Joshua’s obedience served as a model. As a result, Israel remained faithful to God throughout Joshua’s lifetime.
In his final message to the people, Joshua underscored the importance of obeying God; “Therefore take careful heed to yourselves, that you love the Lord your God” (23:11), and “choose for yourselves this day whom you will serve…. But as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord” (24:15).
The Mega themes of Joshua are:
Success: God’s work done in God’s way will bring his success but we must adjust our minds to his way of thinking so that we pursue his standard for success rather than the world’s.
Faith: Our strength to do God’s work comes from trusting him. His promises reassure us of his love and that he will be there to guide us in the decisions and struggles we face. Gaith begins with believing he can be trusted.
Guidance: Guidance from God for daily living can be found in hi Word. By staying in touch with God, we will have the needed wisdom to meet the great challenges of life.
Leadership: To be a strong leader like Joshua we must be ready to listen and to move quickly when God instructs us. Once we have his instructions, we must be diligent in carrying them out. Strong leaders are led by God.
Conquest: Loving God means more than being enthusiastic about him for a time. We must complete all the work he gives us and apply his instructions to every corner of our lives.
Opening Prayer
Heavenly Father, gracious and faithful God,
We come before You today with grateful hearts as we open Your holy Word to the book of Joshua, chapters 1 through 4. Thank You for preserving these accounts for us—for showing how You raised up a new leader after Moses, how You spoke promises of presence and victory, and how You led Your people safely across the Jordan on dry ground.
Lord, just as You commanded Joshua to be strong and courageous—not once, but three times—because You would be with him wherever he went, we ask for that same courage today. Strengthen us where we feel weak, calm our fears, and help us trust Your promises more deeply than our circumstances.
As we study these chapters, open our eyes to see Your unchanging faithfulness: the way You honor faith (even in an unlikely person like Rahab), the way You make a way where there seems to be no way, and the way You call Your people to remember what You have done so we never forget Your power and goodness.
Father, help us not merely to read these words, but to meditate on them day and night, as You instructed Joshua. May Your truth sink deep into our hearts, shape our obedience, and produce fruit in our lives. Remove any distractions, soften any hardness, and give us ears to hear what Your Spirit is saying to us personally and as a group.
We ask that this time together would draw us closer to You, build our faith, and equip us to step forward boldly into whatever “Jordan” You are calling us to cross—trusting that You go before us and You will never leave us nor forsake us.
We pray all of this in the strong and saving name of Jesus Christ, our ultimate Leader and Deliverer.
Amen.
Looking Back
In Deuteronomy 32–34, Moses delivers his final words to Israel: he recites the Song of Moses (chapter 32), a poetic witness to God's faithfulness, Israel's past rebellion and future apostasy, God's judgment on sin, and ultimate vindication and compassion toward His people; he then blesses each tribe of Israel (chapter 33) with prophetic words of encouragement and promise; finally, God instructs Moses to ascend Mount Nebo, where he views the Promised Land from afar but is not permitted to enter it due to his earlier disobedience, and there Moses dies at 120 years old, buried by God in an unknown grave in Moab, marking the end of an era as Joshua assumes leadership (chapter 34).
These closing chapters of Deuteronomy conclude the Torah with Moses' death and the transition of leadership. Joshua chapters 1–4 then pick up immediately, showing God's direct commission to Joshua to lead Israel across the Jordan into Canaan, the people's renewed commitment to obedience, the sending of spies to Jericho (where Rahab hides them in faith), and the miraculous crossing of the Jordan River on dry ground followed by the setting up of memorial stones to commemorate God's power.
Scripture ESV
Joshua 1
God Commissions Joshua
1 After the death of Moses the servant of the Lord, the Lord said to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses’ assistant, 2 “Moses my servant is dead. Now therefore arise, go over this Jordan, you and all this people, into the land that I am giving to them, to the people of Israel. 3 Every place that the sole of your foot will tread upon I have given to you, just as I promised to Moses. 4 From the wilderness and this Lebanon as far as the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites to the Great Sea toward the going down of the sun shall be your territory. 5 No man shall be able to stand before you all the days of your life. Just as I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will not leave you or forsake you. 6 Be strong and courageous, for you shall cause this people to inherit the land that I swore to their fathers to give them. 7 Only be strong and very courageous, being careful to do according to all the law that Moses my servant commanded you. Do not turn from it to the right hand or to the left, that you may have good success wherever you go. 8 This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success. 9 Have I not commanded you? Be strong and courageous. Do not be frightened, and do not be dismayed, for the Lord your God is with you wherever you go.”
Joshua Assumes Command
10 And Joshua commanded the officers of the people, 11 “Pass through the midst of the camp and command the people, ‘Prepare your provisions, for within three days you are to pass over this Jordan to go in to take possession of the land that the Lord your God is giving you to possess.’”
12 And to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh Joshua said, 13 “Remember the word that Moses the servant of the Lord commanded you, saying, ‘The Lord your God is providing you a place of rest and will give you this land.’ 14 Your wives, your little ones, and your livestock shall remain in the land that Moses gave you beyond the Jordan, but all the men of valor among you shall pass over armed before your brothers and shall help them, 15 until the Lord gives rest to your brothers as he has to you, and they also take possession of the land that the Lord your God is giving them. Then you shall return to the land of your possession and shall possess it, the land that Moses the servant of the Lord gave you beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise.”
16 And they answered Joshua, “All that you have commanded us we will do, and wherever you send us we will go. 17 Just as we obeyed Moses in all things, so we will obey you. Only may the Lord your God be with you, as he was with Moses! 18 Whoever rebels against your commandment and disobeys your words, whatever you command him, shall be put to death. Only be strong and courageous.”
Joshua 2
Rahab Hides the Spies
1 And Joshua the son of Nun sent two men secretly from Shittim as spies, saying, “Go, view the land, especially Jericho.” And they went and came into the house of a prostitute whose name was Rahab and lodged there. 2 And it was told to the king of Jericho, “Behold, men of Israel have come here tonight to search out the land.” 3 Then the king of Jericho sent to Rahab, saying, “Bring out the men who have come to you, who entered your house, for they have come to search out all the land.” 4 But the woman had taken the two men and hidden them. And she said, “True, the men came to me, but I did not know where they were from. 5 And when the gate was about to be closed at dark, the men went out. I do not know where the men went. Pursue them quickly, for you will overtake them.” 6 But she had brought them up to the roof and hid them with the stalks of flax that she had laid in order on the roof. 7 So the men pursued after them on the way to the Jordan as far as the fords. And the gate was shut as soon as the pursuers had gone out.
8 Before the men lay down, she came up to them on the roof 9 and said to the men, “I know that the Lord has given you the land, and that the fear of you has fallen upon us, and that all the inhabitants of the land melt away before you. 10 For we have heard how the Lord dried up the water of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and Og, whom you devoted to destruction. 11 And as soon as we heard it, our hearts melted, and there was no spirit left in any man because of you, for the Lord your God, he is God in the heavens above and on the earth beneath. 12 Now then, please swear to me by the Lord that, as I have dealt kindly with you, you also will deal kindly with my father’s house, and give me a sure sign 13 that you will save alive my father and mother, my brothers and sisters, and all who belong to them, and deliver our lives from death.” 14 And the men said to her, “Our life for yours even to death! If you do not tell this business of ours, then when the Lord gives us the land we will deal kindly and faithfully with you.”
15 Then she let them down by a rope through the window, for her house was built into the city wall, so that she lived in the wall. 16 And she said to them, “Go into the hills, or the pursuers will encounter you, and hide there three days until the pursuers have returned. Then afterward you may go your way.” 17 The men said to her, “We will be guiltless with respect to this oath of yours that you have made us swear. 18 Behold, when we come into the land, you shall tie this scarlet cord in the window through which you let us down, and you shall gather into your house your father and mother, your brothers, and all your father’s household. 19 Then if anyone goes out of the doors of your house into the street, his blood shall be on his own head, and we shall be guiltless. But if a hand is laid on anyone who is with you in the house, his blood shall be on our head. 20 But if you tell this business of ours, then we shall be guiltless with respect to your oath that you have made us swear.” 21 And she said, “According to your words, so be it.” Then she sent them away, and they departed. And she tied the scarlet cord in the window.
22 They departed and went into the hills and remained there three days until the pursuers returned, and the pursuers searched all along the way and found nothing. 23 Then the two men returned. They came down from the hills and passed over and came to Joshua the son of Nun, and they told him all that had happened to them. 24 And they said to Joshua, “Truly the Lord has given all the land into our hands. And also, all the inhabitants of the land melt away because of us.”
Joshua 3
Israel Crosses the Jordan
1 Then Joshua rose early in the morning and they set out from Shittim. And they came to the Jordan, he and all the people of Israel, and lodged there before they passed over. 2 At the end of three days the officers went through the camp 3 and commanded the people, “As soon as you see the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God being carried by the Levitical priests, then you shall set out from your place and follow it. 4 Yet there shall be a distance between you and it, about 2,000 cubits in length. Do not come near it, in order that you may know the way you shall go, for you have not passed this way before.” 5 Then Joshua said to the people, “Consecrate yourselves, for tomorrow the Lord will do wonders among you.” 6 And Joshua said to the priests, “Take up the ark of the covenant and pass on before the people.” So they took up the ark of the covenant and went before the people.
7 The Lord said to Joshua, “Today I will begin to exalt you in the sight of all Israel, that they may know that, as I was with Moses, so I will be with you. 8 And as for you, command the priests who bear the ark of the covenant, ‘When you come to the brink of the waters of the Jordan, you shall stand still in the Jordan.’” 9 And Joshua said to the people of Israel, “Come here and listen to the words of the Lord your God.” 10 And Joshua said, “Here is how you shall know that the living God is among you and that he will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Hivites, the Perizzites, the Girgashites, the Amorites, and the Jebusites. 11 Behold, the ark of the covenant of the Lord of all the earth is passing over before you into the Jordan. 12 Now therefore take twelve men from the tribes of Israel, from each tribe a man. 13 And when the soles of the feet of the priests bearing the ark of the Lord, the Lord of all the earth, shall rest in the waters of the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan shall be cut off from flowing, and the waters coming down from above shall stand in one heap.”
14 So when the people set out from their tents to pass over the Jordan with the priests bearing the ark of the covenant before the people, 15 and as soon as those bearing the ark had come as far as the Jordan, and the feet of the priests bearing the ark were dipped in the brink of the water (now the Jordan overflows all its banks throughout the time of harvest), 16 the waters coming down from above stood and rose up in a heap very far away, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan, and those flowing down toward the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were completely cut off. And the people passed over opposite Jericho. 17 Now the priests bearing the ark of the covenant of the Lord stood firmly on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan, and all Israel was passing over on dry ground until all the nation finished passing over the Jordan.
Joshua 4
Twelve Memorial Stones from the Jordan
1 When all the nation had finished passing over the Jordan, the Lord said to Joshua, 2 “Take twelve men from the people, from each tribe a man, 3 and command them, saying, ‘Take twelve stones from here out of the midst of the Jordan, from the very place where the priests’ feet stood firmly, and bring them over with you and lay them down in the place where you lodge tonight.’” 4 Then Joshua called the twelve men from the people of Israel, whom he had appointed, a man from each tribe. 5 And Joshua said to them, “Pass on before the ark of the Lord your God into the midst of the Jordan, and take up each of you a stone upon his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the people of Israel, 6 that this may be a sign among you. When your children ask in time to come, ‘What do those stones mean to you?’ 7 then you shall tell them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the Lord. When it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. So these stones shall be to the people of Israel a memorial forever.”
8 And the people of Israel did just as Joshua commanded and took up twelve stones out of the midst of the Jordan, according to the number of the tribes of the people of Israel, just as the Lord told Joshua. And they carried them over with them to the place where they lodged and laid them down there. 9 And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests bearing the ark of the covenant had stood; and they are there to this day. 10 For the priests bearing the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan until everything was finished that the Lord commanded Joshua to tell the people, according to all that Moses had commanded Joshua.
The people passed over in haste. 11 And when all the people had finished passing over, the ark of the Lord and the priests passed over before the people. 12 The sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh passed over armed before the people of Israel, as Moses had told them. 13 About 40,000 ready for war passed over before the Lord for battle, to the plains of Jericho. 14 On that day the Lord exalted Joshua in the sight of all Israel, and they stood in awe of him just as they had stood in awe of Moses, all the days of his life.
15 And the Lord said to Joshua, 16 “Command the priests bearing the ark of the testimony to come up out of the Jordan.” 17 So Joshua commanded the priests, “Come up out of the Jordan.” 18 And when the priests bearing the ark of the covenant of the Lord came up from the midst of the Jordan, and the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up on dry ground, the waters of the Jordan returned to their place and overflowed all its banks, as before.
19 The people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they encamped at Gilgal on the east border of Jericho. 20 And those twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, Joshua set up at Gilgal. 21 And he said to the people of Israel, “When your children ask their fathers in times to come, ‘What do these stones mean?’ 22 then you shall let your children know, ‘Israel passed over this Jordan on dry ground.’ 23 For the Lord your God dried up the waters of the Jordan for you until you passed over, as the Lord your God did to the Red Sea, which he dried up for us until we passed over, 24 so that all the peoples of the earth may know that the hand of the Lord is mighty, that you may fear the Lord your God forever.”
What does it mean?
In Joshua chapters 1–4, God reveals His unchanging character and purposes for His people as they transition from the wilderness into the Promised Land. These chapters emphasize several interconnected truths that reflect God's heart and intentions:
God's sovereign faithfulness to His promises — After Moses' death, God directly commissions Joshua (a new leader whose name means "Yahweh is salvation") to lead Israel across the Jordan into Canaan, reaffirming the land promise originally given to Abraham and repeatedly confirmed through Moses (Joshua 1:2–6). God declares that every place their feet tread will be given to them, underscoring that fulfillment depends not on human strength but on His covenant-keeping nature.
The call to courageous faith rooted in God's presence — God repeatedly commands Joshua (and by extension the people) to "be strong and courageous" — not because the task is easy, but precisely because God Himself will be with them as He was with Moses: "I will never leave you nor forsake you" (Joshua 1:5, 9). This repeated encouragement addresses fear in the face of giants, fortified cities, and the unknown, showing that true courage flows from trusting God's nearness and power rather than circumstances.
Obedience to God's Word as the path to success and blessing — Central to God's message is the instruction in Joshua 1:7–8: do not turn from the Book of the Law to the right or left; meditate on it day and night so you may carefully obey it, "for then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success." God defines true success not by worldly achievement but by alignment with His revealed will — obedience brings prosperity in His terms.
Faith that saves and includes outsiders — In chapter 2, Rahab the Canaanite prostitute demonstrates remarkable faith by protecting the Israelite spies, confessing Yahweh as the true God, and receiving mercy (Joshua 2:9–11). Her actions show that God's grace extends beyond Israel to anyone who turns to Him in faith, foreshadowing the inclusion of Gentiles in salvation.
God's miraculous power and the importance of remembrance — Chapters 3–4 depict the dramatic crossing of the Jordan on dry ground (mirroring the Red Sea), proving God's presence and authority over nature and enemies. The twelve memorial stones from the riverbed serve as a lasting testimony for future generations to remember what God has done (Joshua 4:6–7, 21–24), so that "all the peoples of the earth may know that the hand of the Lord is mighty" and that Israel would "fear the Lord your God forever."
Overall, God's primary meaning in these chapters is this: He is a promise-keeping, ever-present God who calls His people to bold, obedient faith as they step into His blessings. He goes before them, empowers them through His Word and presence, works miracles to confirm His word, and invites even outsiders to join through faith. These events point forward to Jesus (the Greek form of "Joshua"), the ultimate Savior who leads believers into spiritual rest, victory over sin, and an eternal inheritance through faith and obedience to Him.
How does this fit into our lives today?
Joshua chapters 1–4 fit powerfully into our lives today as believers in Jesus Christ, offering timeless principles for walking with God in faith, obedience, and remembrance—especially in seasons of transition, uncertainty, fear, or new challenges.
God's presence overcomes fear and empowers courage — Just as God repeatedly told Joshua to "be strong and courageous" because "the Lord your God will be with you wherever you go" (Joshua 1:9), we face our own "Jordans"—difficult decisions, workplace pressures, family struggles, health battles, cultural opposition to faith, or stepping into new callings like ministry, parenting, or sharing the gospel. The promise isn't limited to Joshua; it's echoed in the New Testament: Jesus assures us, "I am with you always, to the very end of the age" (Matthew 28:20), and Hebrews declares, "Never will I leave you; never will I forsake you" (Hebrews 13:5). This means we can move forward boldly, not because we're fearless on our own, but because God's nearness gives us strength to act despite fear.
Meditating on and obeying God's Word brings true success — God instructed Joshua to keep the Book of the Law on his lips, meditate on it day and night, and obey it fully for prosperity and success (Joshua 1:7–8). Today, this applies directly: in a world full of distractions and competing voices, regularly immersing ourselves in Scripture—reading, reflecting, memorizing, and applying it—aligns us with God's will and leads to spiritual flourishing. Success here isn't worldly wealth or ease but living victoriously over sin, growing in character, bearing fruit, and experiencing God's peace and purpose.
Faith opens the door to God's grace, even for outsiders — Rahab's story shows that anyone who turns to God in faith receives mercy and inclusion, regardless of background (Joshua 2). She risked everything to trust Yahweh, and God honored it, later weaving her into Jesus' genealogy. This reminds us that salvation is by faith alone—not heritage, past sins, or performance—and that God welcomes repentant "outsiders" today, calling us to extend grace to others and share the gospel boldly.
Remembering God's faithfulness builds enduring trust — The miraculous Jordan crossing and the memorial stones (Joshua 3–4) were set up so future generations would know "the hand of the Lord is mighty" and fear Him forever. In our lives, we need similar "stones"—journaling answered prayers, sharing testimonies, celebrating God's provision, or marking milestones—to remind ourselves and others of His past faithfulness when doubt creeps in. This combats forgetfulness and fuels ongoing trust.
Ultimately, these chapters point us to Jesus, the greater Joshua (the names are the same in Hebrew/Greek), who has already crossed the ultimate barrier (death and sin), secured our eternal inheritance, and leads us into spiritual rest and victory through faith (Hebrews 4). In everyday life, Joshua 1–4 calls us to step out in obedient faith, rely on God's constant presence, treasure His Word, extend grace, and actively remember His works—so we can live as confident, courageous witnesses in whatever "Promised Land" God has for us now and forever. May these truths encourage you today!
Greatest lesson for today
God's greatest lesson from Joshua chapters 1–4 for us today can be distilled into one profound, overarching truth: God calls us to courageous, obedient faith because He is always with us, leading us into His promises through His presence and Word, and we must actively remember His faithfulness to sustain that faith.
This lesson weaves together the chapter's key elements and speaks directly to modern life:
Courage rooted in God's presence — The repeated command "Be strong and courageous" (Joshua 1:6, 7, 9, 18) isn't mere pep talk; it's grounded in the promise "I will be with you; I will never leave you nor forsake you" (Joshua 1:5, 9). Today, whether facing personal crises, cultural pressures against faith, career changes, family hardships, or spiritual battles, fear and discouragement are real. God's greatest encouragement is His unchanging nearness—echoed in the New Testament (Hebrews 13:5; Matthew 28:20)—empowering us to step forward boldly, not in our own power, but because the same God who parted the Jordan goes before us.
Obedience to God's Word as the pathway to victory and blessing — God ties success directly to meditating on and obeying Scripture day and night (Joshua 1:7–8). In a world bombarding us with conflicting advice, the greatest lesson is that true prosperity and "good success" (spiritual fruit, peace, purpose, victory over sin) come from aligning our lives with God's revealed will, not self-reliance or worldly strategies.
Faith that includes and transforms anyone — Rahab's inclusion shows God's grace extends to all who trust Him, no matter their past (Joshua 2). This reminds us today that salvation is by faith, inviting us to extend hope to "unlikely" people and to live as redeemed outsiders ourselves.
The vital role of remembrance — The memorial stones (Joshua 4) ensure future generations know God's mighty hand. The greatest ongoing lesson is to actively remember God's past faithfulness—through testimonies, journaling, worship, or sharing stories—so we don't forget His power when new "Jordans" arise, keeping our fear of the Lord alive and our trust firm.
In essence, these chapters teach that God doesn't promise an easy path, but He promises His presence, which makes courage possible, obedience fruitful, and remembrance essential. This culminates in Jesus, our greater Joshua, who has secured the ultimate victory and leads us into eternal rest through faith in Him. For believers today, the single greatest takeaway is this: Step out in faith—strong, courageous, Word-saturated, and remembering—because God is with you wherever you go. May this truth anchor you in whatever transition or challenge you're facing right now!
In Closing
For the Christian today, Joshua chapters 1–4 are far more than ancient history—they are a living blueprint for walking in confident, daily dependence on God. Just as God commissioned Joshua to lead with courage because of His constant presence, promised victory through obedience to His Word, extended grace to the outsider Rahab through faith, and established memorials to keep His mighty acts fresh in memory, these truths invite us to live every day as people who know we are never alone. In our modern "Jordans"—whether it's navigating uncertainty in relationships, facing moral pressures at work, battling personal doubts, or stepping into new seasons of life—we are called to rise each morning declaring, "Be strong and courageous," not from self-confidence, but from the assurance that the same God who parted waters goes before us and will never leave us (Joshua 1:9; Hebrews 13:5). Practically, this means starting the day immersed in Scripture, meditating on God's promises rather than worries, choosing obedience even when it's hard, sharing testimonies of His faithfulness with others (building our own "memorial stones" through journaling, conversations, or family altars), and extending radical grace to those who seem far from God, remembering that faith alone brings anyone into His family. Ultimately, these chapters point us to Jesus, our greater Joshua, who has already crossed the final barrier of sin and death to lead us into eternal rest and victory. By living these words daily—rooted in His presence, guided by His Word, fueled by remembrance, and marked by courageous faith—we experience the abundant life He intends, stepping forward not in our strength, but in His unchanging faithfulness.
Thank you for joining me in today’s study. Hope to see you tomorrow for Joshua 5-8. Have a blessed day, I love you.
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Special thanks are given to Jesus Christ, my Lord and Savior, for the gift of writing and the privilege of sharing this Bible Study. His guidance and blessings have made this work possible, and it is with a grateful heart that can share my study with you. I hope you find it informational and helpful in your spiritual journey. I am asking that you open your hearts and minds to accept the word of Christ into your hearts and accept His word to transform your life in positive ways. This is the first part of my online Christian Bookstore Fellowship and I do accept donations that will further my mission to have a Bookstore in our community, a place where we can sit down face to face and enjoy this Bible Study over open and honest conversation. I will continue this online Study as well to complete the entire year. Thank you for following The Mustard Seed Christian Bookstore Fellowship & Café online Bible Study.
This Bible study is written with inspiration and wisdom from the Holy Spirit, Scripture from the Holy Bible (NIV), NKJV Life Application Study Bible, analytical support and help in organizing and presentation from Grok AI and writing assistance with drafting and editing from Microsoft Co-Pilot.
